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12. Prophylaxis against bacterial, viral or fungal infections is advised after bone marrow or haematopoietic stem cell
transplantation or in high-risk patient after chemotherapy.
Disease / therapy Examples Antimicrobial prophylaxis Duration
Antibacterial Autologous HSCT Ciprofloxacin Start at time of conditioning
Allogenic HSCT
Penicillin V Until resolution of neutropenia or initiation antibacterial
therapy for febrile neutropenia
Post-transplant until discontinuation of
immunosuppression
Antifungal AML Fluconazole During neutropenia until resolution and achievement of
CML in blast crisis complete remission
Autologous HSCT
Allogenic HSCT Until resolution of neutropenia
Antiviral Autologous HSCT Acyclovir During 30 days after HSCT
Allogenic HSCT
Bortezomib OR Until discontinuation of Bortezomib
(only in myeloma patients) Valacyclovir
Purine Analog therapy At least 3 months after discontinuation of purine
(fludarabine / cladribine) analogue
Anti PCJ therapy Autologous HSCT Allogenic HSCT Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole Start when achieved engraftment, continue until
Purine Analog therapy resolution of immunosuppression
At least 3 months after discontinuation of purine
analogue
(HSCT: haematopoietic stem cell transplant)
HPP AMG Infections In Immunocompromised Patients 39
